Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction Research with Older People by Sergio Sayago

Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction Research with Older People by Sergio Sayago

Author:Sergio Sayago
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
ISBN: 9783030060763
Publisher: Springer International Publishing


8.3.2 Behavior Scripting and Control

In an ECA application, the character is controlled via instructions generated by the system that replies to user input. There are several standards to control virtual characters (Gibet et al. 2016) and some have been proposed and used over the years specifically for ECAs, within the SAIBA framework mentioned above. We use BML, as it is currently the most widespread format; EMBR (Heloir and Kipp 2009) has been proposed as an alternative for finer animation control. As our character is web-based, it can be controlled by a third party application hosted remotely, which is indeed the case in the KRISTINA project.

Within BML standardized behaviors, we support time synchronization, face, gaze, gesture, head and speech. We found especially challenging the simultaneous combination of several behaviors as far as they affect the same parts of the body. For example, both the actions “look to the left” and “head nod” modify the rotation of the head in different ways. We combined the rotations of the two, so that the agent can look towards the left while nodding. Both facial expressions and lip syncing (speech behavior) also control the lower part of the face. In our implementation we opted to override the facial expression of the lower part of the mouth with the lip syncing while the agent is speaking, although there are alternatives to combine facial expressions and lip syncing (Karras et al. 2017).



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